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| LIU Jia,CHEN Qingyu,BAO Xiaogang.Establishment and evaluation of a puncture model for vertebroplasty in rabbit vertebra[J].Chinese Journal of Spine and Spinal Cord,2020,(11):1037-1045. |
| Establishment and evaluation of a puncture model for vertebroplasty in rabbit vertebra |
| Received:March 05, 2020 Revised:June 05, 2020 |
| English Keywords:Vertebroplasty Puncture Models Anapophysis Mamillary process |
| Fund:国家自然科学基金项目（81972076） |
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| English Abstract: |
| 【Abstract】 Objectives: Through measuring and analyzing the anatomical shape of the rabbit spine, to explore the feasibility of establishing a puncture model for vertebroplasty in rabbit vertebra, and to clarify the method of model establishment. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this model through the imaging and morphological analysis after vertebroplasty. Methods: Twenty-six healthy New Zealand rabbits(body weight, 2.5-3.0kg) were selected. The shape and parameters of spinal specimens of 6 rabbits were observed, including the length of the vertebral body, the width of the base of the vertebral body, the horizontal distance between the junction of the transverse process and the vertebral body, the intervertebral foramen, the anterior edge of the articular process and the upper edge of the intervertebral disc, and the distance between the upper edge of the intervertebral disc and the narrowest part of the vertebral body. The puncture model for vertebroplasty was established in the L5 and L6 vertebrae of 20 rabbits and α-Tricalcium phosphate bone cement was injected. Imaging and histological examination were performed 3 days, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after postoperative sacrifice. The main observation indexes included surgical duration, postoperative injection position of bone cement, and the integrity of the spinal canal and the anterior edge of the vertebral body. Results: According to the anatomical observation of the rabbits, the height of vertebrae increased gradually from L1 to L5 segments, and decreased gradually from L5 to L7 segments. The width of the base of the vertebrae increased gradually from L1 to L7 segments. The horizontal distance between the mammillary process and the upper edge of the intervertebral disc increased gradually from L1 to L6(1.7-2.5mm). The vertical distance between the posterior edge of the vertebrae and the inferior margin of anapophysis increased gradually from L1 to L6(-0.2-1.3mm). There was no statistical significance in the distance between the mammillary process and the upper edge of the intervertebral disc(P=0.736) and the distance between the posterior edge of the vertebrae and the inferior margin of anapophysis(P=0.611). The optimal entry point was set at the bisection of a vertical line through the mammillary process and a horizontal line through the inferior margin of anapophysis, with an angle of 20°-30° to the horizontal plane, head tilt of 0-10° and depth of insertion of 7-10mm. After vertebroplasty, no paralysis of lower limbs caused by spinal cord injury was found, and one rabbit died of infection. The average surgical duration was 40.8±5.9min(30-55min). The 3 days postoperative histological examination revealed new irregular bone and bone cement materials wrapped with bone trabecula. No disc or annulus fibrosus damage was found. 3 days, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks postoperative three-dimensional reconstruction based on Mirco-CT showed that the bone cement was distributed in the cancellous bone of the rabbit vertebral body with no cement leakage, and the vertebral canal and the anterior wall of the vertebral body were intact without damage. New bone tissue was found around the bone cement. Conclusions: Based on the anatomy of lumbar vertebrae, the puncture model for vertebroplasty in rabbit vertebra can be successfully established with the mamillary process and the anapophysis as bony landmarks. |
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